Zhang, Zhong Jie, Hai Tao Yi, and Xiang Ying Chen. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 651 (2015): 414-422.
In this study, we selected zinc citrate as the carbon source to prepare nanoporous carbon through a template carbonization method. This choice is primarily because citrate carbons can form nanoporous carbon materials (mostly mesoporous networks) and exhibit excellent electrochemical performance for supercapacitors.
Synthesis Procedure
In this research, zinc citrate was used as the carbon source to produce nanoporous carbon materials. The rationale is based on the following points: the carbon chain within the citrate unit structure can provide a carbon source during the carbonization process; ZnO substances and some gases generated in situ during the heating of zinc citrate can serve as hard and soft templates, respectively, which are both beneficial for the formation of carbon porosity. By directly heating zinc citrate to 800 °C, a carbon material known as the Carbon-800 sample was obtained. For the combination of zinc citrate and ZnCl2, the addition of ZnCl2, which acts as both an activator and a template, is expected to significantly increase the porosity of the carbon. When a mixture of zinc citrate and ZnCl2 (in a mass ratio of 1:3) was heated to 800 °C, we obtained another carbon material, referred to as the Carbon-ZnCl2-800 sample.
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