Pramanik, Devlina Das, et al. Journal of Water Process Engineering 65 (2024): 105896.
Natural coagulants offer a safe and sustainable solution for water treatment. In our study, we employed chitosan derived from shrimp shells, in combination with xanthan gum, to effectively remove malachite green dye from water. Using a Box-Behnken design, we optimized parameters, achieving a dye removal efficiency of up to 99.7% under optimal conditions: chitosan (1.75 mg/L), xanthan gum (1.73%-3.0%), dye (5-27.5 mg/L), pH 6.0, stirring time (5-7.5 minutes), and stirring rate (105 rpm). Key factors influencing precipitation include xanthan gum dosage and its interaction with pH and stirring rate. SEM and FT-IR analyses characterized dye-polymer interactions. Pilot-scale tests on aquaculture wastewater showed a significant reduction in turbidity and enhanced dye removal in a 15 L volume setup.
You, Jianwei, et al. Vacuum 227 (2024): 113461.
This study involves surface modification of TiO2 nanoparticles by grafting xanthan gum (XG) onto their surface to enhance stability in solution and mitigate severe aggregation and precipitation issues.
Experimental Procedure:
Step 1: Preparation of Aminopropyl Grafted TiO2 (m-TiO2).
1. Dissolve 6 g of TiO2 nanoparticles in 120 ml of N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF), stir for 20 minutes, and then sonicate for 50 minutes.
2. Add 6 ml of KH-550 to 60 ml of DMF, stir at a constant temperature of 60 °C for 60 minutes to modify the TiO2.
3. Combine the two solutions in a three-neck flask and stir under nitrogen protection at 90 °C for 6 hours.
4. After natural cooling, wash the mixture with DMF and deionized water, dry at 60 °C, and grind to obtain m-TiO2.
Step 2: Modification of Xanthan Gum Using 1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole.
1. Dissolve 8 g of xanthan gum in 120 ml of DMF solution.
2. Add 8 g of 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole to the solution and stir at room temperature for 2 hours to activate the hydroxyl groups on the xanthan gum surface.
Step 3: Grafting Xanthan Gum onto TiO2.
1. Add the m-TiO2 obtained from Step 1 into 80 ml of DMF, sonicate for 45 minutes, and then add the modified xanthan gum solution from Step 2.
2. Stir the mixture at room temperature for 20 hours.
3. Wash the nanoparticles three times with DMF and ethanol.
4. Dry and grind the prepared nanoparticles at 60 °C.
5. The final product is xanthan gum grafted TiO2 (XG-TiO2).
By following this procedure, XG is successfully grafted onto the TiO2 nanoparticles, resulting in improved dispersion stability of the nanoparticles in solution, addressing issues of aggregation and precipitation.
Maniwongwichit, Nalin, et al. Materials Chemistry and Physics (2024): 129836.
Chemotherapy is a common treatment for breast cancer; however, the high dosages required for injection or infusion often cause severe side effects. Transdermal drug delivery offers a non-invasive and controlled release method. In this work, a novel approach was developed using gellan gum as a drug matrix and xanthan gum-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles carrying gemcitabine (Gem: Xan (1% v/v)Fe3O4) as drug carrier complexes.
Synthesis of Xanthan Gum-Coated Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticles
Xanthan gum was coated onto Fe3O4 via in-situ synthesis. Xan (0.5% v/v)Fe3O4, Xan (1% v/v)Fe3O4, and Xan (1.5% v/v)Fe3O4 were prepared by dissolving 0.405 g, 0.813 g, and 1.226 g of xanthan gum in a metal precursor solution of FeCl3:FeSO4 (molar ratio of 2:1, volume of 50 mL). The mixture was stirred under a nitrogen atmosphere at 80 °C until the xanthan gum was completely dissolved. NaOH solution (13.2 mL, 2 M) was added dropwise. The reaction was left to proceed for 1 hour. The precipitates were washed 5 times with deionized water and 3 times with ethanol using centrifugation to remove excess precursor reagents. The remaining material was dried overnight at 80 °C.
What is xanthan gum used for in skincare?
Xanthan gum is primarily used as a thickening and binding agent in skincare products.
Does xanthan gum have any skin conditioning properties?
Xanthan gum, being a polysaccharide, has the ability to lock in water and help maintain skin hydration levels, potentially providing some skin conditioning properties.
Who mainly uses xanthan gum in skincare products?
Xanthan gum is mainly used by formulators in the formulation of skincare products, rather than by consumers.
Does xanthan gum work well with other ingredients?
Yes, xanthan gum works well with almost all ingredients.
Are there any ingredients that should not be used with xanthan gum?
There are no ingredients known to interact negatively with xanthan gum.
What is xanthan gum derived from?
Xanthan gum can be derived from corn, wheat, soy, and dairy.
Can xanthan gum have any side effects when used topically?
Xanthan gum is generally well-tolerated and does not irritate the skin. However, individuals with allergies to corn, wheat, soy, or dairy may react to it.
Can xanthan gum clog pores?
No, xanthan gum is non-comedogenic and does not clog pores.
Is xanthan gum commonly used in natural and clean beauty products?
Yes, xanthan gum is commonly used in a variety of skincare products, including those in the natural and clean beauty space.
Does xanthan gum have any known benefits for the skin?
While there hasn't been much research specifically on the benefits of xanthan gum for the skin, its polysaccharides have the potential to lock in moisture and maintain hydration levels. However, it is not an active ingredient that consumers need to actively seek out.
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