Panat, Niranjan A., et al. Food chemistry 194 (2016): 32-45.
Theaflavin (TRX) is a flavonoid compound found in tea, coffee, grains, various fruits, and vegetables, and has been reported to have radioprotective, anti-thrombotic, renal, and hepatoprotective effects. A comprehensive study was conducted to assess the free radical scavenging capacity and anti-apoptotic activity in both cell-free and cell-based systems. TRX scavenged superoxide, nitric oxide, and other model stable free radicals, such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid). It reacted with hydroxyl radicals, carbonate, and thiocyanate anions, as assessed by pulse radiolysis and stopped-flow techniques. TRX protected different types of cells (epithelial, fibroblast, and lymphocytes) from apoptosis, necrosis, and mitotic death induced by peroxyl free radicals. It could scavenge both basal and inducible ROS levels in cells and restore the depletion of intracellular GSH levels, suggesting that its free radical scavenging capacity may underlie the observed cytoprotective effects in different cell types. TRX could be used as an adjuvant for the treatment of various oxidative stress-related diseases.
Panat, Niranjan A., et al. Chemico-biological interactions 251 (2016): 34-44.
Theaflavin is a flavonoid compound known for its radioprotective and antioxidant properties, and it has been the focus of extensive pharmacological research.
The study found that theaflavin is primarily localized in the nuclei of prostate cancer cells. It induces cytotoxicity in both radiation-resistant (DU145) and radiation-sensitive (PC3) prostate cancer cells. When DU145 and PC3 cells pre-treated with theaflavin were exposed to γ-radiation, the cytotoxicity estimated by the MTT assay was further enhanced. Additionally, the % subG1 population detected by propidium iodide staining showed a similar response when combined with radiation.
A similar trend was observed in DU145 cells for ROS generation and DNA damage when theaflavin was combined with radiation. The binding of theaflavin in the minor groove of DNA may lead to strand breaks, resulting in an increase in radiation-induced cell death.
Xin, X., Zhang, M., Li, X., Lai, F., & Zhao, G. (2018). Microbial cell factories, 17, 1-11.
Theaflavin is an important flavonoid compound, a trihydroxyethyl derivative of therubin, with diverse nutritional and pharmacological properties. However, the application of flavonoid glycosides is greatly limited due to their poor cell membrane permeability, resulting in low oral bioavailability. This limitation can be overcome by strategies to improve their lipophilicity - through selective acylation of flavonoid compounds.
General Procedure for the Whole-Cell Mediated Acylation of Theaflavin
In a typical experiment, 1 mL of a binary solvent of 35% n-heptane/pyridine (v/v) (containing 30 mM theaflavin, 900 mM VP, and 50 mg/mL whole-cell biocatalyst) is added to a 5 mL conical flask (with a rubber cap) and incubated by shaking at 180 rpm and 40 °C for 120 hours. At specified time intervals, aliquots (20 μL) are withdrawn from the reaction mixture, diluted 50-fold with methanol, and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
What is the CAS number of Troxerutin?
The CAS number of Troxerutin is 7085-55-4.
What is the molecular weight of Troxerutin?
The molecular weight of Troxerutin is 742.68.
What is the melting point of Troxerutin?
The melting point of Troxerutin is 168 - 176ºC.
What is the purity of Troxerutin?
The purity of Troxerutin is 98%.
What is the density of Troxerutin?
The density of Troxerutin is 1.65 g/cm³.
What are some synonyms of Troxerutin?
Some synonyms of Troxerutin are Vitamin P4 and 2-(3,4-Bis(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl)-3-((6-O-(6-deoxy-alpha-L-mannopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)oxy)-5-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxy ethoxy)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one.
What are the typical applications of Troxerutin?
The typical applications of Troxerutin include use as an emulsifying agent and a dispersing agent.
What is the physical state of Troxerutin?
The physical state of Troxerutin is a solid.
How is Troxerutin used in the treatment of venous disorders?
Troxerutin is used in the treatment of venous disorders by improving blood flow and reducing inflammation in the veins.
How can Troxerutin be characterized based on its appearance?
Troxerutin can be characterized as a light yellow powder based on its appearance.
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