Sun, Wenrui, et al. Chemosphere 296 (2022): 133962.
Tetramethylammonium bromide (TMAB) has been successfully applied for the preparation of high-performance montmorillonite (Mt)-based adsorbents targeting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as toluene. In this study, TMAB was used to organically modify Na-Mt through a dry ball milling method, significantly enhancing the textural properties and adsorption capacity of the resulting material (BMTMt).
The ball milling process facilitated effective intercalation of TMAB into the interlayer space of Mt, increasing the specific surface area from 20.6 m²/g to 186.4 m²/g and elevating microporosity content to 47%. This structural transformation dramatically improved VOC adsorption performance. In dynamic breakthrough experiments, BMTMt achieved a toluene adsorption capacity of 55.9 mg/g-approximately six times greater than unmodified Mt (8.8 mg/g). The improvement is primarily attributed to micropore filling and strong electrostatic interactions between TMAB and the negatively charged clay layers, as confirmed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Compared to conventional water bath methods, dry ball milling proved more efficient in promoting TMAB intercalation and micropore development. This positions BMTMt as a superior adsorbent for VOC remediation.
These findings underscore the critical role of tetramethylammonium bromide as a structure-directing and pore-enhancing agent in the preparation of advanced organo-montmorillonite materials for environmental applications.
Sun, Wenrui, et al. Chemosphere 321 (2023): 138114.
Tetramethylammonium bromide (TMAB) has been effectively employed in the surface modification of montmorillonite (Mt) to enhance its adsorption performance for volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Owing to its porous structure, Mt is a promising candidate for environmental remediation; however, its inherently inert surface limits interaction with polar contaminants. TMAB, a quaternary ammonium compound, plays a key role in overcoming this limitation through organo-functional modification.
In the referenced study, TMAB was used in combination with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) under high-energy ball milling conditions to produce BHTMt, a modified Mt-based adsorbent with improved surface hydroxylation and porosity. During preparation, Na-Mt was co-milled with TMAB and varying amounts of H₂O₂, facilitating both exfoliation and the introduction of Si-OH groups. The inclusion of TMAB promoted the intercalation and delamination of the clay layers, while enhancing surface hydrophilicity.
The resulting BHTMt-x samples exhibited significantly improved structural characteristics, including increased surface area and functional group density, both critical for effective VOC adsorption. The absence of residual bromide after washing confirmed the complete integration of TMAB within the modified matrix.
This study highlights tetramethylammonium bromide as a vital intercalating and functionalizing agent in the preparation of high-performance montmorillonite-based adsorbents for soil vapor remediation applications.
Pan, Bingsuo, et al. Surface and Coatings Technology 329 (2017): 49-54.
Tetramethylammonium bromide (TMAB), a quaternary ammonium salt, has demonstrated utility as a surface-modifying additive in cobalt electrodeposition from Watts-type baths. While TMAB alone exhibits minimal influence on the crystal structure, morphology, and microhardness of thick cobalt deposits, its synergistic use with sodium saccharin significantly alters deposit surface characteristics.
In the study, the presence of sodium saccharin was found to increase cobalt deposition overpotential, leading to refined grain structure and enhanced microhardness via grain refinement mechanisms consistent with the Hall-Petch relationship. However, this benefit came at the cost of elevated surface roughness and the formation of prominent hillock-like features.
When TMAB was introduced alongside saccharin, it markedly reduced both the density and vertical extent of these hillock structures. This led to a more uniform and smoother cobalt surface without compromising the mechanical properties imparted by saccharin. The smoothing effect of TMAB suggests its function as a current-density-sensitive levelling agent during electrodeposition, mitigating localized overgrowth through surface adsorption or ionic migration control.
Thus, tetramethylammonium bromide serves as an effective co-additive in electrodeposition systems, particularly when combined with grain-refining agents. Its role in moderating surface topography enhances the quality and applicability of cobalt coatings in functional and decorative metal finishing applications.
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