Cheng, Y. et al. Rsc Advances 5.68 (2015): 55066-55074.
Molecular imprinting is a highly effective method for creating molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), which are designed to have specific binding sites for target molecules. These binding sites are formed through the self-assembly of a template molecule and functional monomers, followed by polymerization. Due to their tailor-made selectivity, chemical stability, and ease of preparation, MIPs have garnered significant attention in chemical recognition and separation applications.
In this study, a MIP membrane was prepared using spermidine as the template and quinolyl-β-CD as the functional monomer, with HMDI serving as the cross-linker. The components-quinolyl-β-CD (0.2 g), spermidine (11.5 μL), and HMDI (0.15 mL)-were dissolved in 3 mL of dry DMSO and stirred to form a pre-polymerization solution. This solution was then applied to a clean glass slide (38 mm × 20 mm) using the doctor blade coating technique. The MIP membrane was polymerized at 65 °C for 2 hours. After polymerization, the membrane-coated slide was washed sequentially with acetone, hot water, and ethanol under ultrasonication to remove template molecules and residual reagents, followed by vacuum drying at 40 °C for 2 hours. A non-imprinted membrane was also prepared under identical conditions, excluding the template molecules, as a control.
Zhang, Hanlin, et al. Molecular cell 76.1 (2019): 110-125.
Aging is characterized by impaired adaptive immune responses, with reduced B cell function contributing to poor vaccination efficacy and increased susceptibility to infections in the elderly. In this study, we demonstrate that decreased autophagy plays a key role in immune senescence. Specifically, autophagy levels are lower in mature lymphocytes, which impairs memory B cell responses in older individuals.
Spermidine, an endogenous polyamine metabolite, promotes autophagy in vivo and rejuvenates memory B cell responses. Mechanistically, spermidine modifies the translation factor eIF5A post-translationally, which is critical for the synthesis of the autophagy transcription factor TFEB. As spermidine levels decline with age, TFEB expression and autophagy are reduced. Supplementation with spermidine restored this pathway and enhanced the responses of B cells in older humans. These findings reveal a novel autophagy regulatory mechanism mediated by eIF5A at the translational level, offering a potential strategy to reverse immune senescence in humans.
What is the chemical formula of Spermidine?
The chemical formula of Spermidine is C7H19N3.
How is Spermidine synthesized in the body?
Spermidine is formed from putrescine by spermidine synthase.
What is the main source of Spermidine in terms of dietary intake?
Spermidine is found in fresh green pepper, wheat germ, cauliflower, broccoli, mushrooms, soybean products, and a variety of cheeses.
What is the main benefit of Spermidine in terms of health?
The biggest benefit of Spermidine is its ability to reduce age-related diseases.
What is the main mechanism of action for Spermidine in delaying aging and prolonging lifespan?
Spermidine's main mechanism of action is inducing autophagy, a self-preservation process that clears out toxic, damaged, and dysfunctional cells.
How can Spermidine be used in molecular biology techniques?
Spermidine can be used in electroporation while transferring DNA into the cell under an electrical impulse, and for purifying DNA-binding proteins.
What was the year and by whom was Spermidine first discovered?
Spermidine was first discovered in 1678 by Dutch scientist Anton Van Leeuwenhoek.
What are the potential side effects of Spermidine supplementation?
Potential side effects of Spermidine include decreased levels of creatinine, calcium, and phosphate in the blood, and trace levels of gluten in supplements derived from wheat germ.
What is the melting point of Spermidine?
The melting point of Spermidine is 23-25 °C.
What is the main stability concern associated with Spermidine?
Spermidine is stable but air-sensitive and very hygroscopic, therefore it should be stored under argon and is incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, and oxidizing agents.
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