Sodium Cumene Sulfonate

Catalog Number

ACM28348530

CAS

28348-53-0

Structure

Synonyms

Sodium cumenesulfonate

Molecular Weight

222.24

Molecular Formula

C9H11NaO3S

Melting Point

>300 °C

Active Content

90%

Physical State

Solid

Typical Applications

Use as hydrotrope.
Use as auxilialy emulsifying agent, auxilialy dispersing agent.

MSDS

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COA

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Spec Sheet

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Case Study

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass Karthyani, S., Ashok Pandey, and Leena P. Devendra. Biofuels (2020).

Sodium cumene sulfonate (NaCS) has been effectively utilized as a hydrotropic agent for the delignification of lignocellulosic biomass, specifically cotton stalks, to enhance enzymatic saccharification and boost sugar yields for bioethanol production. In this study, NaCS was evaluated alongside sodium xylene sulfonate and sodium cinnamate to determine the most efficient pretreatment agent based on reducing sugar output.
Cotton stalks were oven-dried at 50 °C for 6 h, milled, and suspended in 30% aqueous solutions of each hydrotrope at 5% biomass loading. Pretreatment was performed under autoclave conditions at 121 °C and 15 psi for 120 minutes. Post-treatment, the biomass was thoroughly washed to remove residual hydrotrope and dried for analysis.
Among the tested compounds, NaCS demonstrated superior delignification capability, yielding the highest concentration of reducing sugars following enzymatic hydrolysis. Further optimization of NaCS concentration, biomass loading, and incubation time was achieved using a central composite design, resulting in a maximum yield of 0.211 g reducing sugar per gram of dry biomass under optimal conditions.
Moreover, the aqueous NaCS solution exhibited reusability, reinforcing its potential as a sustainable and cost-effective pretreatment agent. This case highlights sodium cumene sulfonate's vital role in biomass valorization strategies and its promising application in renewable biofuel production processes.

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Extraction and Hydrolysis of Dioscin to Diosgenin from Dioscorea Rhizomes

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Extraction and Hydrolysis of Dioscin to Diosgenin from Dioscorea Rhizomes Mishra, Sanjay P., and Vilas G. Gaikar. Industrial & engineering chemistry research 43.17 (2004): 5339-5346.

Sodium cumene sulfonate (NaCS), an efficient aromatic hydrotrope, has been demonstrated as a dual-function agent for both the extraction of dioscin and its hydrolysis to diosgenin from Dioscorea rhizomes. This approach offers a significant improvement over conventional methods, minimizing the undesirable decomposition of diosgenin into 3,5-diene during hydrolysis.
In the study, pulverized rhizomes of varying mesh sizes were suspended in aqueous NaCS solutions and subjected to vigorous agitation at 1500 rpm. Dioscin extraction was followed by in-situ acid-catalyzed hydrolysis at 353 K, where NaCS facilitated the transformation to diosgenin. Upon cooling to 293 K, the poorly water-soluble diosgenin precipitated with >95% purity, enabling efficient separation. Importantly, NaCS maintained diosgenin stability under hydrolysis conditions, with minimal conversion to diene derivatives.
Optimization of extraction conditions-such as hydrotrope concentration, temperature, and particle size-further enhanced yield and purity. The total dioscin content of the raw material was estimated at 9.4 wt%, with a diosgenin recovery of 4.5 wt%. This integrated process underscores the capability of sodium cumene sulfonate to act as both a selective solubilizing agent and a reaction medium for bioactive compound recovery.
Thus, NaCS presents a greener, more selective alternative for phytochemical extraction and conversion, highlighting its value in natural product processing and industrial phytochemistry.

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Pretreatment of Stillage Biomass to Enhance Bioethanol Production

Sodium Cumene Sulfonate Used for the Pretreatment of Stillage Biomass to Enhance Bioethanol Production Mikulski, Dawid, and Grzegorz Kłosowski. Bioresource Technology 300 (2020): 122661.

Sodium cumene sulfonate (NaCS), a powerful hydrotropic agent, has been effectively employed for the delignification of lignocellulosic biomass derived from rye, wheat, and maize stillage to improve its suitability for bioethanol production. In this study, hydrotropic extraction using 20% v/v NaCS at 131 °C for 1 h significantly enhanced the digestibility of the biomass by removing lignin, thereby improving enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency and fermentable sugar availability.
Following hydrotropic pretreatment, the processed biomass was subjected to acid hydrolysis with 0.2 M H₂SO₄ under identical autoclave conditions. The pH was adjusted, cellulolytic enzymes were introduced, and the hydrolysates were incubated to facilitate saccharification. The resulting sugar-rich media were then fermented using yeast over 72 h at 35 °C. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analyses confirmed increased ethanol yields and reduced phenolic inhibitor levels in hydrotrope-treated samples compared to the untreated control.
Structural analysis using SEM further supported the effective disruption of lignocellulosic architecture by NaCS, highlighting its delignification capability. The findings demonstrate that sodium cumene sulfonate not only improves biomass accessibility but also supports the downstream fermentation process.
This case underscores NaCS's potential as a key enabler in sustainable biofuel production, offering a cleaner and more efficient alternative to conventional pretreatment approaches for second-generation bioethanol.

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