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Lactose

Name: Lactose
SKU: ACM63423-4
Rating: 5 (1 reviews)

Catalog NumberACM63423-4

CAS Number63-42-3

CategoryNon-ionic Surfactants; Dispersing Agents

Description

Lactose is a type of sugar found in milk and milk products. It is composed of two simple sugar molecules, glucose and galactose, joined together by a chemical bond. Lactose is broken down in the body by the enzyme lactase, which is produced in the small intestine.

Synonyms

Galβ1, 4Glc

IUPAC Name

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol

Molecular Weight

342.3

Molecular Formula

C12H22O11

Canonical SMILES

C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(OC(C(C2O)O)O)CO)O)O)O)O

InChI

InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11-,12+/m1/s1

InChIKey

GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-DCSYEGIMSA-N

Boiling Point

397.76 °C

Melting Point

222.8 °C

Flash Point

357.8°C

Purity

98%

Density

1.53 g/ml

Solubility

Insoluble in ether and chloroform, very slightly soluble in alcohol

Appearance

white, odorless, and crystalline powder

Application

1. Food industry: Lactose is widely used as a sweetener and bulking agent in the production of baked goods, confectionery, and dairy products.
2. Pharmaceutical industry: Lactose is a common excipient in the manufacture of tablets and capsules as it helps to bind drugs together and provide them with their desired physical properties.
3. Medical industry: Lactose is used in diagnostic tests for lactose intolerance and the determination of small intestinal transit time.
4. Agriculture: Lactose is used as a nutritional supplement in animal feed to increase milk production and improve weight gain in young animals.
5. Chemical industry: Lactose is used as a raw material in the production of lactic acid, which is used in a range of industrial applications, including the production of biodegradable plastics.

Active Content

95%

Physical State

Powder

Typical Applications

Use as emulsion stabilizer, dispersing agent.

Catalog	Sample Lot No.	Aerobic Plate Count	ASH	As Is Protein	Coliforms	Escherichia Coli	Flavor	Lactose	Moisture Content	Mold	Munsell Color	pH	Salmonella	Scorched Particle	Staphylococcus Aureus	Yeast
ACM63423A	A23GY0403X	≤ 50000(cfu/g)	≤ 0.30%	≤ 0.30(Nx6.38, %)	<10(cfu/g)	<10(cfu/g)	Pass	≥ 99.0%	≤ 0.50%	<50(cfu/g)	≤ 2.5	4.5-7.5	Negative (/375g)	≤ 15.0(mg/25g)	<10(cfu/g)	<50(cfu/g)	INQUIRY

Case Study

Lactose Used for the Catalytic Conversion to Lactitol via MIL-101(Fe) Without High-Pressure Hydrogenation

Xie, Donghui, et al. New Journal of Chemistry 49.7 (2025): 2752-2758.

Lactose, a carbohydrate commonly recovered as a byproduct in whey protein separation, presents a sustainable feedstock for producing value-added derivatives. Traditionally, the conversion of lactose to lactitol requires high-pressure hydrogenation and the use of costly noble metal catalysts (e.g., Ni, Pd, Ru), making the process economically and environmentally inefficient. In a novel catalytic approach, lactose was successfully transformed into lactitol using MIL-101(Fe), an iron-based metal-organic framework (MOF) featuring Lewis acid sites.
This transformation occurred under ambient pressure and without the need for exogenous hydrogen gas. The catalytic system achieved an impressive 97.66% lactose conversion rate and an extraordinary 99.99% selectivity toward lactitol. Mechanistic analysis revealed that MIL-101(Fe)'s Lewis acidic Fe sites activated the C(1)-O(5) bond within the glucose moiety of lactose. Simultaneously, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) facilitated hydrogen transfer by interacting with Fe-OH groups and promoting H˙ delivery from water to the glycosidic oxygen, thus initiating ring-opening and subsequent reduction to lactitol.
Furthermore, the catalyst exhibited excellent reusability, maintaining its high activity over five consecutive cycles without noticeable deactivation. This study not only highlights lactose as a versatile renewable substrate but also establishes MIL-101(Fe) as a green and cost-effective catalyst for its conversion to lactitol, significantly reducing reliance on high-pressure hydrogenation and precious metals.

Lactose Used for the Enzymatic Synthesis of N-Acetyllactosamine via β1,4-Galactosyltransferase Catalysis

Huang, Kun, et al. Organic & biomolecular chemistry 17.24 (2019): 5920-5924.

Lactose, a low-cost and abundant byproduct of the dairy industry, is increasingly being valorized as a galactosyl donor in enzymatic glycosylation reactions. In a recent study, lactose was successfully employed in a β1,4-galactosyltransferase (NmLgtB-B)-mediated synthesis of N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), a key structural motif in numerous bioactive glycoconjugates.
Traditionally, galactosyltransferases rely on activated donors such as UDP-galactose, which, despite their efficiency, pose cost and scalability limitations. This work demonstrates for the first time that bacterial β1,4-galactosyltransferases can reversibly catalyze transgalactosylation from lactose directly to N-acetylglucosamine in the presence of UDP, forming LacNAc with high regioselectivity. By employing imidazolium-tagged probes and a preparative-scale system, the researchers synthesized pNP-β-LacNAc using lactose as the sole galactose source and NmLgtB-B as the only biocatalyst.
This innovative approach addresses the limitations of traditional multienzyme systems and poor regioselectivity typically observed in galactosidase-mediated transgalactosylation. The ability to leverage lactose as a cost-effective, renewable substrate for precise glycosidic bond formation opens new avenues for the scalable biosynthesis of complex oligosaccharides.
This study highlights lactose's transformative role in enzymatic glycosylation and its potential to support green, economical strategies in glycoscience and biopharmaceutical manufacturing.

Lactose Used for the One-Pot Synthesis of Functional Sweetening Syrups via Enzymatic Hydrolysis and MgO/SiO₂-Catalyzed Isomerization

Cheng, S., Metzger, L. E., & Martínez-Monteagudo, S. I. (2020). Scientific reports, 10(1), 2730.

Lactose, a major byproduct of dairy manufacturing, presents a sustainability challenge due to its limited industrial utilization. To address this, a novel one-pot approach has been developed to convert aqueous lactose into a multifunctional sweetening syrup, incorporating both enzymatic and catalytic processes.
The method initiates with β-galactosidase-mediated hydrolysis, achieving a 95.77 ± 0.67% conversion of lactose into glucose and galactose. Subsequently, MgO/SiO₂ catalysts with varying MgO loadings (10-40 wt%) facilitate the base-catalyzed isomerization of these monosaccharides. Optimal performance was observed with 20 wt% MgO loading, leading to the formation of a carbohydrate mixture containing glucose (30.48%), galactose (33.51%), fructose (16.92%), D-tagatose (10.54%), and lactulose (3.62%), achieving a total lactose conversion of 99.3%
Mechanistically, MgO/SiO₂ catalyzes the ring-opening of monosaccharides and their subsequent rearrangement through a 1,2-enediol intermediate. This enables the selective transformation of galactose into D-tagatose and glucose into fructose under mild aqueous conditions.
This efficient, scalable, and cost-effective process valorizes waste lactose into high-value sweeteners with potential applications in the food and nutraceutical industries. It exemplifies the integration of biocatalysis and heterogeneous catalysis to advance green chemistry solutions in carbohydrate upgrading.

Custom Q&A

What is the molecular weight of Lactose?

The molecular weight of Lactose is 342.3.

What is the molecular formula of Lactose?

The molecular formula of Lactose is C12H22O11.

What is the boiling point of Lactose?

The boiling point of Lactose is 397.76°C.

What is the melting point of Lactose?

The melting point of Lactose is 222.8°C.

What is the purity of Lactose?

The purity of Lactose is 95%+.

What is the density of Lactose?

The density of Lactose is 1.53 g/cm³.

What is the appearance of Lactose?

Lactose appears as white crystals or powder.

What are the typical applications of Lactose?

Lactose is used as an emulsion stabilizer and dispersing agent.

What are some synonyms for Lactose?

Some synonyms for Lactose are Galactinum.

What are some other names for Lactose according to its IUPAC name?

According to its IUPAC name, Lactose is also known as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-[(2R,3S,4R,5R,6R)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol.

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