Wang, Ruyue, et al. Reactive and Functional Polymers 172 (2022): 105183.
Imidazolidinyl urea (IU) plays a crucial role in the development of high-performance hydrogels, offering enhanced mechanical properties, self-healability, and remoldability. In a recent study, IU was incorporated into polyacrylamide (PAM) hydrogels as a hydrogen bonding reinforced factor to construct a multi-functional network through a straightforward one-pot polymerization method. The unique molecular structure of IU provides multiple hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, facilitating strong intermolecular interactions with PAM chains.
Hydrogels synthesized with IU demonstrated exceptional mechanical performance, including a tunable break strength (18.8-23.8 kPa), high fracture elongation (305%-560%), and superior compressive strength (2.0-3.9 MPa). Furthermore, the IU-based hydrogels exhibited remarkable fatigue resistance, with negligible loss of compressive strength even after 50 loading-unloading cycles at 85% strain. Notably, these hydrogels also showed self-healing capabilities, allowing structural recovery without external stimuli. Additionally, IU contributed to unconventional luminescence properties, expanding potential applications in bioimaging and flexible sensors.
The hydrogel synthesis involved thermal-initiated radical polymerization, where acrylamide was polymerized in the presence of IU, ammonium persulfate (APS), and tetramethylethylenediamine (TEMED). The resulting IU-crosslinked hydrogels (PAMI-x) demonstrated superior performance compared to conventionally crosslinked PAM hydrogels.
This study highlights the potential of IU as a hydrogen bonding reinforcement strategy, paving the way for the design of next-generation supramolecular hydrogels with applications in biomedical engineering and smart materials.
Liu, Huanrong, et al. Electrochimica Acta 508 (2024): 145287.
Imidazolidinyl urea (IDU) has emerged as a promising electrolyte additive for aqueous Zn-ion batteries, addressing key challenges such as dendrite growth and parasitic reactions that limit battery performance. By integrating IDU into ZnSO₄ electrolytes, researchers have demonstrated its ability to modulate ion transport properties, optimize Zn²⁺ diffusion, and enhance cycling stability.
Through theoretical modeling and experimental validation, the optimal IDU concentration was identified, with 0.2 M IDU yielding the highest Zn²⁺ diffusion coefficient (0.063 Ų·ps⁻¹). At lower concentrations (0-0.15 M), IDU's large molecular structure hindered ion transport, while at higher concentrations (>0.3 M), excessive IDU molecules impeded Zn²⁺ shuttling. Additionally, in situ deposition experiments confirmed that IDU participates in Zn²⁺ solvation layer coordination, accelerating desolvation and promoting uniform Zn deposition.
Electrochemical performance tests further validated IDU's effectiveness, demonstrating a 95% cycling efficiency and a stable discharge capacity of 90 mAh·g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles in full Zn-ion cells. By reducing dendrite formation and improving charge transport dynamics, IDU significantly extends the cycle life and reliability of Zn-ion batteries.
This study highlights IDU as an advanced electrolyte additive, offering a scalable and cost-effective strategy to enhance aqueous Zn-ion battery performance for sustainable energy storage applications.
Zhang, Yi-Chang, et al. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 279 (2024): 135364.
Imidazolidinyl urea (IU) has been effectively utilized in the modification of ion exchange nanofiber membranes to enhance their antibacterial properties and reusability. By covalently immobilizing IU onto polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based nanofiber membranes, researchers developed IU-modified membranes (AEA-COOH-IU and AEA-COOH-CS-IU) with improved bioactive functionalities.
The modification process involved chemical hydrolysis of PAN nanofibers followed by grafting chitosan (CS) onto the membrane surface. Subsequently, IU was immobilized onto both AEA-COOH and AEA-COOH-CS membranes via carbodiimide chemistry using EDC and NHS in a controlled pH environment. Optimization studies identified pH 8 and 0.05% IU concentration as the most effective conditions for IU attachment.
These IU-modified membranes exhibited superior antibacterial efficacy due to the bioactive nature of IU, making them suitable for applications in water filtration, biomedical devices, and antimicrobial coatings. Furthermore, the membranes demonstrated enhanced stability and reusability, ensuring long-term performance.
This study highlights IU's potential as a functional modification agent for nanofiber membranes, contributing to the development of high-performance antimicrobial materials for environmental and medical applications.
What is the molecular weight of Imidazolidinyl urea?
The molecular weight of Imidazolidinyl urea is 388.29.
What is the molecular formula of Imidazolidinyl urea?
The molecular formula of Imidazolidinyl urea is C13H16N8O8.
What is the physical state of Imidazolidinyl urea?
Imidazolidinyl urea is in a solid physical state.
What are the typical applications of Imidazolidinyl urea?
Imidazolidinyl urea is used as an antimicrobial agent, antibacterial agent, and preservative.
What percentage of actives does Imidazolidinyl urea contain?
Imidazolidinyl urea contains 95% actives.
What is the CAS number of Imidazolidinyl urea?
The CAS number of Imidazolidinyl urea is 39236-46-9.
How is Imidazolidinyl urea typically used in cosmetics?
Imidazolidinyl urea is used in cosmetics as a preservative to prevent microbial growth.
What role does Imidazolidinyl urea play in skincare products?
Imidazolidinyl urea acts as an antibacterial agent in skincare products to maintain product integrity.
Why is Imidazolidinyl urea important in the formulation of personal care products?
Imidazolidinyl urea helps to extend the shelf life of personal care products by inhibiting bacterial growth.
How does Imidazolidinyl urea compare to other preservatives in terms of effectiveness?
Imidazolidinyl urea is known for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, making it a highly effective preservative in various cosmetic and personal care products.
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