Chen, Huale, et al. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 247 (2025): 114415.
To combat the growing threat of antibiotic resistance, particularly from carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, eugenol was employed as both a reducing and stabilizing agent in the one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles (Eugenol_Au NPs). Eugenol, a phenolic compound with intrinsic antimicrobial properties, was chemically conjugated with gold ions in the presence of Tween 80 and triethylamine in an ice-cold aqueous medium. The reaction mixture underwent ultrasonication followed by dropwise addition of HAuCl₄·3H₂O, yielding purple-colored Eugenol_Au NPs, indicative of successful nanoparticle formation.
The resulting nanoparticles exhibited high stability, biocompatibility, and potent antimicrobial efficacy. Mechanistically, the Eugenol_Au NPs disrupted bacterial quorum sensing pathways and induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), enabling effective inhibition of both planktonic cells and biofilm-embedded bacteria. In vivo studies using a murine peritoneal infection model confirmed their therapeutic potential, as evidenced by significantly reduced bacterial burdens, attenuated inflammatory responses, and improved survival outcomes.
This study demonstrates the multifunctional role of eugenol in nanomaterial synthesis and highlights its promise as a biofunctional moiety in the development of alternative antimicrobial strategies targeting multidrug-resistant pathogens.
Wang, Hui, et al. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 267 (2024): 131495.
Eugenol was effectively encapsulated in a Pickering nanoemulsion system to improve the mechanical and functional performance of konjac glucomannan (KGM)-based food packaging films.
The preparation began with dissolving β-CD (0.725%, w/v) in 92 mL of deionized water at 70 °C, followed by cooling to 45 °C. Separately, aqueous solutions of T-20 (1.38%, w/v) and SC (2.895%, w/v) were prepared and then combined with the β-CD solution at 45 °C. The mixture was cooled to room temperature under continuous stirring (200 rpm, 3 h). Subsequently, 3% (w/v) eugenol was added dropwise using an automated injection pump at a flow rate of 0.1 mL/min while maintaining the system at 45 °C and stirring at 800 rpm for 30 minutes. Final homogenization was achieved using high-speed shear (20,000 rpm, 8 min), yielding a stable Pickering nanoemulsion.
Incorporation of the eugenol-loaded nanoemulsion into KGM films significantly enhanced their tensile strength, antioxidant capacity (~3.21× vs. pure KGM), and antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus, and C. albicans. These bioactive films extended raspberry shelf life to six days, demonstrating eugenol's value in active food packaging applications.
Mohanty, Sonali, and Subhankar Paul. Food Packaging and Shelf Life 49 (2025): 101477.
Eugenol, a bioactive phenolic compound, was employed in the preparation of a multifunctional nanocomposite (ZTE), combining zinc oxide (ZnO), nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO₂), and eugenol. This composite was synthesized via ethanol-mediated dispersion of ZnO-N-TiO₂ (2% w/v) followed by the dropwise addition of eugenol (10% v/v) under sonication and prolonged stirring, ensuring effective adsorption of eugenol onto the nanomaterial surface. The resulting ZTE composite was dried to eliminate residual solvents and unbound eugenol.
Incorporation of the ZTE nanocomposite into a chitosan-guar gum (CG) biopolymer matrix produced CG/ZTE films with significantly enhanced physicochemical performance. Compared to pristine CG films, the ZTE-loaded films exhibited improved tensile strength, moisture resistance, and thermal stability. Notably, the films showed excellent UV shielding capabilities, making them particularly attractive for food packaging applications.
The synergistic integration of eugenol with ZnO and N-TiO₂ not only conferred functional reinforcement to the biopolymer matrix but also introduced antimicrobial and antioxidant potential, aligning with sustainability goals in active packaging. This study underscores the versatile utility of eugenol in nanocomposite engineering for biodegradable and functional food packaging materials.
What is the chemical formula of Eugenol?
The chemical formula of Eugenol is C10H12O2.
What is the molecular weight of Eugenol?
The molecular weight of Eugenol is 164.2.
What is the boiling point of Eugenol?
The boiling point of Eugenol is 254 °C.
What is the melting point of Eugenol?
The melting point of Eugenol is -12-10 °C.
What is the flash point of Eugenol?
The flash point of Eugenol is >230 °F.
What is the purity of Eugenol?
The purity of Eugenol is 99%.
What is the density of Eugenol?
The density of Eugenol is 1.067 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.).
What are some synonyms of Eugenol?
Some synonyms of Eugenol are 4-Allyl-2-methoxyphenol and 2-Methoxy-4-prop-2-enylphenol.
What are some typical applications of Eugenol?
A typical application of Eugenol is in perfumes.
What is the physical state of Eugenol?
Eugenol is in a liquid physical state.
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