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Ethyl pyrrolidone

Catalog Number

ACM2687914

CAS

2687-91-4

Structure

IUPAC Name

1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-one

Synonyms

1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-one;N-Ethylpyrrolidone

Molecular Weight

113.16

Molecular Formula

C6H11NO

Canonical SMILES

CCN1CCCC1=O

InChI

ZFPGARUNNKGOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N

InChI Key

InChI=1S/C6H11NO/c1-2-7-5-3-4-6(7)8/h2-5H2,1H3

Boiling Point

97 °C 20mmHg(lit.)

Melting Point

87.5-88.5 °C

Density

0.992g/ml

Active Content

95%

8-9 (100g/l, H2O, 20 °C)

Physical State

Liquid

Typical Applications

Use as solvent.
Use as cleansing agent.
Use as dispersing agent, emulsifying agent.

MSDS

Download MSDS

COA

Download COA

Spec Sheet

Download Spec Sheet

Case Study

N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone Is Used for the Investigation of Electrochemical Oxidation Behavior

N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone Is Used for the Investigation of Electrochemical Oxidation Behavior Zonghao, Wang, et al. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 941 (2023): 117523.

N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP), a molecular analog of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), was investigated for its electrochemical oxidation behavior under high-voltage conditions, simulating environments relevant to advanced lithium-ion battery systems. To assess NEP's oxidative stability, custom working electrodes were fabricated by dispersing NEP into a conductive matrix.
The electrodes were prepared by dissolving 1.13 g of ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) in a 4:6 mixture of water and isopropanol (IPA), followed by the addition of 0.20 g of conductive carbon black (CB). After ultrasonication, various amounts of NEP were incorporated into the slurry and further sonicated to ensure homogeneity. The resulting suspension was uniformly coated onto aluminum foil and vacuum-dried at 70 °C. To prevent NEP diffusion into electrolytes, a subset of electrodes was overcoated with a NEP-free EVOH:CB layer.
Electrochemical performance was assessed using linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), revealing NEP oxidation initiated at potentials exceeding 4 V. Oxidation byproducts were analyzed via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which confirmed the formation of ammonium-containing species through multi-electron oxidative mechanisms.
This work offers a mechanistic understanding of NEP degradation, providing critical insights for the selection and evaluation of polymer dispersants in high-voltage battery environments.

N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone Is Used for Overcharge Protection in Lithium-Ion Batteries

N-Ethyl-2-pyrrolidone Is Used for Overcharge Protection in Lithium-Ion Batteries Vogl, Ulrike, et al. Journal of the electrochemical society 161.9 (2014): A1407.

N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) was investigated as an electrolyte additive for overcharge protection in lithium-ion batteries. To ensure purity, NEP was dried over 3Å molecular sieves until the water content was reduced below 60 ppm, as verified via Karl Fischer titration. It was then incorporated at varying concentrations into a standard 1 M LiPF₆ electrolyte solution in ethylene carbonate:diethyl carbonate (EC:DEC, 3:7 wt%).
Electrochemical stability assessments were carried out using a Swagelok three-electrode cell setup. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) was performed on a VPS BioLogic Science Instrument, with lithium metal serving as both counter and reference electrodes, and platinum as the working electrode. A sweep rate of 1 mV/s was applied across a potential window of -0.1 V to 6 V vs. Li/Li⁺.
To further explore overcharge protection, NEP was tested on LFP, LMO, and NMC cathodes. Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCMB) measurements revealed that NEP does not act as a redox shuttle, but instead forms a protective polymeric film upon oxidation. Surface analysis via X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed polymeric decomposition products on LFP and LMO cathodes, supporting this mechanism.
This study demonstrates that NEP enhances safety in lithium-ion batteries by forming passivation layers during overcharge, offering a non-redox-based protection strategy.

Custom Q&A

What is the chemical name of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The chemical name of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-one.

What is the IUPAC name of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The IUPAC name of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 1-Ethylpyrrolidin-2-one.

What is the molecular weight of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The molecular weight of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 113.16 g/mol.

What is the molecular formula of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The molecular formula of Ethyl pyrrolidone is C6H11NO.

What is the boiling point of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The boiling point of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 97 °C at 20mmHg.

What is the melting point of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The melting point of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 87.5-88.5 °C.

What is the density of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The density of Ethyl pyrrolidone is 0.992 g/ml.

What are the typical applications of Ethyl pyrrolidone?

The typical applications of Ethyl pyrrolidone include use as a solvent, cleansing agent, and dispersing agent/emulsifying agent.

What is the pH of Ethyl pyrrolidone in water at 20 °C?

The pH of Ethyl pyrrolidone in water at 20 °C is 8-9 (100g/l).

What percentage of actives does Ethyl pyrrolidone contain?

Ethyl pyrrolidone contains 95% actives.

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