Luo, Gong, et al. RSC advances 12.13 (2022): 8003-8008.
5,5-Dimethylhydantoin (DMH) has emerged as a pivotal complexing agent in the development of cyanide-free gold electroplating solutions, particularly for the deposition of Au/Co-Au nano-multilayers. DMH demonstrates strong coordination bonding with Au(III), forming the stable [Au(DMH)₄] complex, which enhances the solubility and stability of gold in aqueous electroplating systems. This study explored the optimization of DMH-based electrolytes for Au-Co alloy electrodeposition, revealing its potential in producing high-quality, multi-layer coatings without the environmental hazards associated with cyanide-based systems.
The novel DMH-containing electrolyte enabled the electrodeposition of Au/Co-Au multilayers with a gold layer of approximately 20 nm and a cobalt-rich alloy layer of 90 nm. The electrolyte composition included DMH, NaAuCl₄·2H₂O, CoSO₄·7H₂O, citric acid, and pH control, with a gold-to-cobalt ratio of 4/1. The study showed that adjusting the deposition potential and metal ion ratios allowed precise control over the alloy composition, enabling the creation of multi-layer coatings with tailored properties.
This work establishes DMH as a promising alternative for non-cyanide gold electroplating, offering a safer and more sustainable approach to manufacturing Au/Co-Au nano-multilayer coatings for various industrial applications.
Pizzetti, Federico, et al. Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 911 (2022): 116196.
5,5-Dimethylhydantoin (DMH) has been investigated as a complexing agent in cyanide-free silver electroplating baths to improve the quality of silver deposits. DMH was selected due to its high stability and solubility in alkaline solutions, making it suitable for silver electrodeposition at various temperatures. The study focused on optimizing the concentration of DMH in combination with polyethyleneimine (PEI) as an additive and its influence on the electrochemical behavior of the Ag/DMH complex.
Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements showed that increasing the concentration of DMH shifted the silver reduction potential to more negative values, enhancing the overpotential. At lower DMH concentrations, multiple anodic peaks appeared during silver oxidation, indicating incomplete oxidation due to a decrease in DMH concentration at the electrode surface. However, at higher DMH concentrations, silver oxidation occurred in the presence of the complex, showing a more controlled and stable electrochemical process.
The optimal bath composition, including 0.3 M KNO3, 0.3 M K2CO3, and varying concentrations of DMH (0.3 to 1.8 M), resulted in smoother, brighter, and blue-colored silver deposits. This research demonstrates the efficacy of DMH in enhancing the quality of silver electroplating in cyanide-free baths, offering a safer alternative to traditional cyanide-based systems.
Zhou, Chang-E., and Chi-Wai Kan. Cellulose 22 (2015): 879-886.
5,5-Dimethylhydantoin (DMH) is utilized to impart antimicrobial properties to cotton fabric by coating it followed by chlorination with sodium hypochlorite. This process converts the nitrogen-containing groups in DMH into N-halamines, which are known for their antimicrobial activity. The study optimized treatment conditions using an orthogonal array testing strategy, focusing on DMH concentration, curing temperature, and chlorination conditions.
Cotton fabric was coated with varying concentrations of DMH (2%, 4%, and 6%) and treated using a pad-dry-cure method, followed by chlorination with sodium hypochlorite at different concentrations (0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.2%). The results showed that the antimicrobial properties of the fabric, particularly against S. aureus, were influenced by the DMH concentration. At higher DMH concentrations, the antimicrobial activity decreased due to aggregation of DMH molecules, which reduced the even distribution of the coating. In contrast, lower concentrations led to better dispersion and more uniform coating, resulting in enhanced antimicrobial effectiveness.
Characterization of the treated fabric was conducted using UV spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which confirmed the presence of functional N-halamine groups and demonstrated the successful coating and chlorination processes. This study highlights the potential of DMH as an effective antimicrobial treatment for cotton fabrics, offering a rechargeable antimicrobial function for textile applications.
What is the CAS number for DM hydantoin?
The CAS number for DM hydantoin is 77-71-4.
What are some synonyms for DM hydantoin?
Some synonyms for DM hydantoin are 2,4-Imidazolidinedione and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin.
What is the molecular weight of DM hydantoin?
The molecular weight of DM hydantoin is 128.13.
What is the molecular formula of DM hydantoin?
The molecular formula of DM hydantoin is C5H8N2O2.
What is the percentage of actives in DM hydantoin?
The percentage of actives in DM hydantoin is 95%.
What is the physical state of DM hydantoin?
The physical state of DM hydantoin is solid.
What are some typical applications of DM hydantoin?
Some typical applications of DM hydantoin are its use as a dispersing agent and emulsifying agent, as well as its use as an intermediate in organic synthesis.
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