Shou, Tao, et al. Composites Part B: Engineering 276 (2024): 111363.
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a biobased plastic with biodegradability, biocompatibility, and high strength. However, its inherent brittleness limits its broader application. The toughness of PLA can be enhanced through methods such as physical blending, chemical copolymerization, or reactive blending with flexible components. Polyurethanes (PUs), as highly engineered block polymers, have the potential to improve PLA's toughness either through physical blending or in situ polymerization. However, current research into PU-toughened PLA faces challenges related to poor compatibility, limited toughening effects, and dependence on petrochemical resources. To address these issues, we developed a novel biobased millable polyurethane (PO3G-MPU), which contains unsaturated double bonds, and utilized it to enhance PLA toughness through peroxide-initiated dynamic vulcanization.
Synthesis of Biobased PO3G-MPU
The PO3G-MPU was synthesized through a two-step process: pre-polymerization and chain expansion. In the first step, 1 mol of 1,3-polypropanediol (PO3G) and 1.55 mol of hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) were reacted for 2 hours at 80°C in the presence of 0.03 wt % dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL). In the second step, 0.55 mol of the unsaturated chain extender, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol (APD), was added with rapid stirring at 80°C. The reaction mixture was then heated at 100°C for 12 hours. The molar ratio of isocyanate (-NCO) groups to hydroxyl (-OH) groups was maintained at 1:1. The synthetic process for PO3G-MPU is illustrated in the accompanying scheme.
Gong, Runan, et al. Polymer 218 (2021): 123536.
Cationic waterborne polyurethane (CWPU) is recognized as an environmentally friendly material; however, its water resistance is often compromised due to the incorporation of excessive hydrophilic groups required to maintain water dispersion stability. To overcome this challenge, a UV-curing approach combined with a terminal hydrophilicity-induced dispersion strategy was employed to develop water-resistant CWPU from CO2-based polyol. This polyol is an oligoethercarbonate diol produced by the telomerization of propylene oxide and CO2. In this process, multiple vinyl ether side chains were introduced into the CWPU backbone using 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanediol (AOPD) as a functional chain extender, facilitating efficient UV curing. A small amount of terminal hydrophilicity was also incorporated to ensure the stable dispersion of CWPU.
Preparation of CWPU
The CO2-based CWPU dispersion was synthesized using the acetone process. In a three-necked round-bottom flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a condenser connected to a nitrogen balloon, CO2-polyol was added and dried under vacuum at 80°C for 1 hour. Next, isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), AOPD, and 1,4-butanediol (BDO) were added sequentially under nitrogen atmosphere, with di-n-butyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) serving as the catalyst. 2-Butanone was used to adjust the viscosity of the mixture. After all hydroxyl groups were consumed, as confirmed by FT-IR or NCO content titration, 3-dimethylaminopropane-1,2-diol (DMAD) was introduced. Once the NCO groups were fully reacted, acetic acid was added at 50°C. Deionized water was then gradually added to the flask at room temperature under vigorous stirring to form an emulsion. Finally, 2-butanone was removed via reduced-pressure distillation at 40°C to obtain the desired CWPU dispersion.
What is the product name of the compound with the CAS number 123-34-2?
The product name is 1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-propenyloxy)-.
What are some synonyms for the compound?
Synonyms for the compound include Glyceryl Allyl Ether and Glycerol alpha-monoallyl ether.
What is the molecular weight of the compound?
The molecular weight of the compound is 132.16.
What is the molecular formula of the compound?
The molecular formula of the compound is C6H12O3.
What is the percentage of actives in the compound?
The compound has 95% actives.
What physical state is the compound in?
The compound is in a liquid physical state.
What are some typical applications of the compound?
Some typical applications of the compound include use as a film-forming agent and use as a monomer.
How many carbon atoms are in the compound's molecular formula?
There are 6 carbon atoms in the compound's molecular formula.
How many oxygen atoms are in the compound's molecular formula?
There are 3 oxygen atoms in the compound's molecular formula.
Why is 1,2-Propanediol, 3-(2-propenyloxy)- used as a film-forming agent?
It is used as a film-forming agent due to its chemical properties and ability to create a protective layer on surfaces.
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